Hydroxycitric acid

Hydroxycitric acid (HCA) is a small organic molecule derived from citric acid. In nature, it is found mainly in the plant Garcinia cambogia also known as Malabar tamarind. While HCA can be synthesized, the most cost-effective way to obtain it is through Garcinia cambogia extract.

Garcinia cambogia extract became a rather common ingredient in weight loss supplements after animal and test tube experiments indicated possible beneficial effects of HCA on metabolism and appetite. In particular, HCA appeared to reduce the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol. HCA also reduced appetite, apparently by raising the levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain.

Unfortunately, human studies of weight loss effects of HCT were mixed at best. While a few small studies indicated possible modest weight loss benefits, other studies showed no effect of metabolism, appetite or body weight. One study suggested that potassium salt of HCA may be more effective that other forms due to better absorption.

At present, weight loss benefits of HCA remain unproven. Even if present, they are likely to be relatively modest.

Typical doses of HCA range from 250 to 1,000 mg 3 times daily. If looking for a Garcinia cambogia supplement, it is best to obtain the extract standardized to contain a fixed percentage of HCA so that the total HCA dose can be accurately calculated.

See also the index of studies related to hydroxycitric-acid.